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晋太宗宣武帝实录12

chenmu:Iwanttorentcattletothepoorforthemtofarm,Butchargethemseventenths,andiftherearecattle,chargethemfivetenths,Sirthoughtso?

xiaofan:Ithoughtthatinthepast,one-tenthofthetaxwasfairer,BytheendoftheTangDynasty,therewaspoliticalchaos,Taxeswerenotasheavyastheyarenow。

chenmu:Sir,pleasetrytoelaborate。

萧凡:臣以为,此乃大王待下之情未尽于诚信,虽有善始之勤,未睹克终之美故也,昔大王君临之始,闻善惊叹,从谏如流,自兹厥后,渐恶直言,虽或勉强有所容,非复曩时之豁如也。

陈牧:非先生教我,寡人不闻此药石之言,寡人知过矣。

chenmu:Ihavebeenkingformorethansevenyears,Myreputationhasspreadallovertheworld,sootheruntrieshaveestablishedoperativerelationswithus,Theuntryisgettingricherandstronger,Butmymoralandbenevolentprestigewasnotpreached,That‘swhy,Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Theworldisyours,andthepeopleareyours,Whatdoesitmatterifthepeopleuseyourcattle,Isn‘titalsoyoursthatyoulendcattletothepeople,Whenyoumarchsouth,thepeoplewillweleyourarmywithfoodandwine。

chenmu:Ididn‘tthinkitthroughandalmostmadeamistake,I

ecteditimmediately。

陈牧:寡人有气疾,欲修邺宫以自养,先生以为如何?

萧凡:臣以为,大王既有平阳,又修邺宫,将以何用?作猎车千乘,环数千里以养禽兽,夺人妻女万余口以实后宫,岂圣帝明王之所为乎?

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人知过矣。

chenmu:IhavelungdiseasesoIwanttobuildapalacetorecuperate,Sirthoughtso?

xiaofan:Ithinkyoualreadyhaveapalaceandthenbuildtheotheroneswhichiswhattodo,Keepinganimalsinenclosuresforhunting,ro

ingotherpeople‘swivesanddaughterstoenrichtheharemisnotwhatawisekingshoulddo。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong。

陈牧:今大修驰道于郡县,会久雨失期,寡人欲罪尚书,先生以为如何?

萧凡:臣以为,天降淫雨,道路涂潦,虽有鬼兵百万,无如之何,而况人乎!今大王以道路不修,欲杀尚书,岂能仪刑四海以法将来耶?

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人知过矣,当为卿赦之。

chenmu:Iwanttooverhaulroadstocitiesanduntyseats,Justhappenedtoenunterheavyrainanddelayedthenstructionperiod,Iwanttoblamethepersonincharge,Sirthoughtso?

xiaofan:Ithinkitrainedheavilyandtheroadsweremuddy,Evenamillionghostsoldierscan‘tdoit,andordinarypeoplecan‘tdoit,Youpunishthepersoninchargeforthedelayinthenstructionperiod,Howcanthepeopleoftheworldbenvinced?

chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong,Ipardonhimforsir。

陈牧:李晟将军克中山,而郡守不降,伏剑而死,寡人当如何处之,先生教我。

萧凡:臣以为,此乃义士也,为人臣,功既不成,唯有死节耳,大王以信义治天下,当礼而葬之,以劝来者。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。

chenmu:GeneralLiShengnqueredZhongshanCity,Butthekeeperdidnotsu

enderandmittedsuicidewithasword,WhatshouldIdoaboutit,Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Ithinkhe‘saloyalman,Failuretosuccessfullydefendthecitycanonlybedeterminedbydeath,Youruletheworldwithfaith,soyouhavetoburyhimwithhighstandards,Throughthis,letthepeopleoftheworldreturntotheirhearts。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陈牧:寡人欲伐西凉,将佐皆以为不可,奈何?先生教我。

萧凡:臣以为,夫经略大事,固非常情所及,智者了于胸中,不必待众言皆合也。

陈牧:先生试述之。

萧凡:今为晋肘腋之患者,西凉而已,彼虽险固,比燕为弱,将欲除之,宜先其易者,西凉无道,臣民不附,且恃其险远,不修战备,宜以精兵万人轻赍疾趋,比其觉之,我已出其险要,可一战擒也。

陈牧:若大军西征,齐、楚,扣关当如何?

萧凡:论者恐大军既西,齐、楚必窥觎,此似是而非也,齐、楚闻我万里远征,以为内有重备,必不敢动,纵有侵轶,李晟将军足以拒守,必无忧也。

陈牧:先生解我心忧,寡人意决矣。

chenmu:IwantedtoattacktheWesternLiangKingdombutthegeneralsdidn‘tapproveofit,WhatshouldIdo,Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Ithinkthatstrategiceventsarenotsomethingthatordinarypeoplecanunderstand,Wisepeoplehaveadecisionintheirheartsanddon‘tneedeveryone‘snsent。

chenmu:Sir,pleaseelaborate。

xiaofan:NowourgreattroubleistheWesternLiangKingdom,Althoughthete

ainoftheWesternLiangKingdomisdangerous,itisalittleweakerthantheYanState,ThepoliticsoftheWesternLiangStatewerechaoticandthepeoplewerenotsubservient,Itreliesonitsprecariouste

ainwithoutreinforcingitsarmaments,Ifyouwanttofight,youmustfirstfighttheweak,Youshouldsendageneralwith10,000elitesoldierstoblitztheWesternLiangKingdom,Bythetimetheyrealized,wehadenteredtheirprecariouste

ain,TheWesternLiangKingdomwilldefinitelybenqueredbyus。

chenmu:Whatifthearmymarcheswest,andtheStateofQiandChuattacktheborder?

xiaofan:Thechancello

elievedthatafterthewesternexpeditionofthelargearmy,theStateofQiandtheStateofChuwouldattacktheborder,Suchathingisunlikely,WhentheStateofQiandtheStateofChuheardaboutourexpedition,theywouldthinkthatwewereonguard,sotheywouldnotlaunchanattack,Eveniftheyattacked,GeneralLiShenguldresistthem,Youdon‘thavetowo

y。

chenmu:Sirtooktheknotinmyheart,Ialreadyhadadecisioninmymind。

xiaofan:Idon‘tthinkyoutreatpeoplewithpleteintegrity,That‘sbecauseyoustarteddoingwellbutdidn‘tmoveon,Whenyoufirststartedgoverningtheuntry,Youareabletohumblyaccepttheadviceofothers,Anditisagreatpleasuretodoso,Butgradually,younolongerlikehonestspeech,Evenifyoureluctantlylisten,whatyoudoisnotasgoodasbefore。

chenmu:Ifitweren‘tforyousaying,Iwouldn‘tevenknowImadeamistake,Iwaswrong。

萧凡:且以大王之民用大王之牛,牛非大王之有,将何在哉!如此,则戎旗南指之日,民谁不箪食壶浆以迎王师哉!

陈牧:寡人几不思量,险误大事,当为卿改之。

萧凡:臣以为,古者什一而税。天下之中正也,降及唐末、五代,仁政衰薄,假官田官牛者不过税其什六,自有牛者税其四,犹不取其七八也。

陈牧:自寡人君临以来,七八载矣,威加海外,诸国来庭,仓廪日积,土地日广,然道德未益厚,仁义未益博者,何哉?先生教我。

陈牧:寡人欲化育万民,当取何法,先生教我。

萧凡:臣以为,教民亲爱,莫善于孝,教民礼顺,莫善于悌,移风易俗,莫善于乐,夫乐者,感人情,乐正则心正,乐淫则心淫也,安上治民,莫善于礼。上好礼,则臣民安,礼者,敬而已矣,敬,礼之本也。

others,Thebestwaytoimprovesocialcustomsismusic,Becausemusiccanfillpeople‘sheartswithpositiveenergy,Ifyouwanttogoverntheuntrywell,youhavetopromoteetiquette,Theessenceofetiquetteisrespect,Onlythenwilltheuntrybestableandharmonious。

陈牧:请为寡人试述之。

萧凡:自唐末以来,海内板荡,高皇帝绥之以德,华夷之民,万里福辏,襁负而归之者,若赤子之归父母,是以户口十倍于旧,无用者什有三四,及大王掌晋,南摧强楚,东却齐、燕,北取契丹,拓地三千里,增民十万户,是宜悉罢苑囿以赋新民,无牛者官赐之牛,不当更收重税也。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人知过矣。

chenmu:Iwanttoeducatetheworldwhatshouldbedone,Sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:Ithink,Ifyouwanttoeducatetheworld,youmustpromotefilialpietytoparents,respectelders,andlove

xiaofan:SincetheendoftheTangDynasty,theworldhasbeeninchaos,andtheoldemperorhasusedbenevolencetoappeasetheworld,Thepeopleoftheworldhavesubmittedasiftheywereseeingtheirparents,Asaresult,therearetentimesmoreacuntsthanbefore,Sinceyoucametopower,youhavedefeatedtheStateofQiandtheStateofYanintheeastoftheChuStateinthenorthoftheKhitaninthesouth,andthelandhasincreasedby3,000milesandthehukouhasincreasedby100,000,Atthistime,itistimetowasteeverything,youshouldreducetaxesandrenttopoorcattle。

chenmu:Sirwasright,Iwaswrong。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陈牧:寡人欲以牛假贫民,使佃苑中,税其什之七,自有牛者税其五,先生以为如何?

陈牧:先生之言甚善,寡人谨受教。

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