晋太宗宣武帝实录34
chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。
陈牧:寡人闻,《易》云:亢龙有悔,何也?先生教我。
萧凡:臣以为,贵而无位,高而无民,贤人在下位而无辅,是以动而有悔也,愿大王察之。
萧凡:臣以为,围城必缺,所以开其生路也,而将军李晟言:城拔,皆坑之。盖许之以必死,将卒是以固守。且城固而粮多,攻之则士卒伤,守之则旷日持久。今顿兵坚城之下,攻必死之虏,非良计也,大王当令开围一角,守将见围解,势必自出,出则意散,易破之道也。
陈牧:先生之言甚善,寡人当即刻飞书。
chenmu:NowLiShenghadnqueredYiuntyandHejian,ItshouldnotbedifficultforhimtotakeadvantageofthevictorytobesiegePlainunty,Buthedidn‘tnqueritformonths,Sirtaughtmewhy?
xiaofan:Ithink,Toohonorable,thenthereisnoplace,Standtoohigh,thentherewillbenopeoplefollowingyou,Thesagesareatthebottom,sotheycan‘thelpyou,Sothedragonwillregretittoo,Ihopeyoucanlearnfromit。
chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。
陈牧:知人之事,自古为难,王者为官择人,不可造次,先生以为然否?
萧凡:臣以为然也,大王每行一事,则为天下所观;出一言,则为天下所听。用得正人,为善者皆劝;误用恶人,不善者竞进。赏当其劳,无功者自退;罚当其罪,为恶者戒惧。故知赏罚不可轻行,用人弥须慎择,故考绩黜陟,察其善恶,今欲求人,必须审访其行。若知其善,然后用之,差可济事。
陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。
chenmu:Itisverydifficulttounderstandaperson,Thekingneedsmorecautioninselectingtalentsfortheuntry,Sirthoughtso?
xiaofan:Ithinkso,Everythingyoudowillbeseenbythewholeworld,Everythingyousaywillbeheardbythewholeworld,Appointingpeopleofintegritywillattractalotofgoodpeople,Appointthewicked,thenthevillainwillappear,Rewardthosewhohavemeritthennoonewillobjecttothis,Punishtheoffenderthentheothervillainswillbecarefultorestrain,Therefore,rewardsandpunishmentshavetobecautious,Theappointmentoftalentsshouldalsobecarefullychosen,Nowifyouwanttoselectatalent,youmustexaminehismeritsandcharacter,Aftermanyexpeditions,thenyouappointhimagain,Onlyinthiswaycanthesagesbeselected。
chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。
陈牧:今谏议大夫方诩为官数月,劾奏常侍、大臣、郡守等数十人,百官侧目,号为苛刻,寡人当如何处之?先生教我。
萧凡:臣以为,法禁者,俗之堤防;刑罚者,民之衔辔。今州曰任郡,郡曰任县,更相委远,百姓怨穷;以苟容为贤,尽节为愚。方诩所举,臧罪非一,大臣恐为其所奏,遂加诬罪,大王当佑之,以嘉其直臣之气。
陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。
chenmu:Nowfangxuanhasonlybeenanofficialforafewmonths,andhehasimpeacheddozensofattendants,ministers,andmayors,Theministerswerete
ifiedandsaidhewasharsh,WhatshouldIdoaboutit?Sirtaughtme。
xiaofan:Ithink,Thelawisaleveethatprotectscustomsandpeople,Atpresent,localofficialslludeandshieldeachotherveryseriously,Andtreatlazypeopleastalents,andhard-workingpeopleasstupid,Thismadethepeoplepoorandresentful,FangXue‘simpeachmentisbasicallytrue,Theministerswantedtoescapepunishmentbyslanderinghim,Youshouldprotectandrewardhimbecauseofhisintegrityandjustice。
chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。
陈牧:近来多有灾异,五州大水,寡人甚忧之,先生何以教我?
萧凡:臣以为,海内颇有灾异,朝廷修政,太官减膳,珍玩不御,盖以德禳灾也。然安定太守,远献大珠以求幸媚,非忠臣所为也,大王当封之以还。
陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。
chenmu:Therehavebeenalotofdisasterslately,Andfloodinghasoccu
edinallfivestates,I‘mverywo
iedaboutthat,Sirtaughtmewhattodo?
xiaofan:Ithinktherehavebeenalotofdisasterslately,Soyouhavetobediligentinhandlinggovernmentaffairs,Reducewasteandplay,Onlyinthiswaycandisastersbereduced,ButthemayorofAndingofferedyoutreasuresforpromotion,Thisisnotwhatloyalistsshoulddo,Therefore,youshouldreturnthethingstohim。
chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。
xiaofan:Ithink,Whenattackingacity,youmustleaveonesidetoallowtheenemytoescape,GeneralLiShenghadpreviouslysaidthathewouldkilleveryone,Therefore,theenemy‘swilltoresistisverystrong,Theirdefenseswerestrongandtheyhadplentyoffood,Wewillsufferalotofcasualtieswhenwelaunchanattack,Ifyoujustfenceitaroundandforceittosu
ender,itwilltakealongtime,Neitherattacknorsiegeisanidealstrategy,Youshouldopenonesidetolettheenemyescape,Whentheyrunawayandrelax,youattackagain,Onlyinthiswaycanweachieveaperfectvictory。
chenmu:Ihaveheardthatwordsanddeedsareanimportantmediumforgentlementohandletheiraffairs,Sirtaughtmewhy?
xiaofan:Ithink,Thewordsofagentlemanaregood,andthenpeoplethousandsofmilesawaywillalsosensethem,Thewordsofgentlemenareevil,andthenpeoplethousandsofmilesawaywillalsodisobeythem,Andwhataboutotherthings,Thewordsanddeedsofagentlemanarethemediumthroughwhichhehandlesaffairs,anditisrelatedtohonoranddisgrace,Gentlemenmoveheavenandearthwiththeirwordsanddeeds,Sotheyhavetobecautious。
chenmu:Sirdon‘tsayitagain,I‘malreadyashamedofthis。
陈牧:今李晟破易县,拔河间,进围平原,其挟胜利之威,克之不难也,然顿兵城下,连月而不能下,何也?先生教我。
chenmu:Sirisright,Iimmediatelygavetheorder。
陈牧:近闻庐陵、兰陵二公造次,寡人当如何处之?先生教我。
xiaofan:Ithinkyouaretherichestandmosthonorablepersonintheworld,Whycan‘tyoutolerateyou
陈牧:寡人闻言行,君子之枢机,何也?先生教我。
萧凡:臣以为,君子出其言善,则千里之外应之,出其言不善,则千里之外违之,况其迩者乎?言行,君子之枢机,枢机之发,荣辱之主也,言行,君子之所以动天地也,可不慎乎?
陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。
陈牧:先生勿复言,寡人羞愧难当。
chenmu:RecentlyIheardthattheDukeofLanlingandtheDukeofLulingweregoingtorebel,WhatshouldIdoaboutit,Sirtaughtme。
陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。
chenmu:I‘veheardthatdragonsflytoohighthenitwillregretit,Sirtaughtmewhy?
others,Andyouwanttoharmthem,Inthepast,theDukeofLulinghandedoverthearmytoyouandreturnedtothecentralgovernmentalone,Previously,theDukeofLanlingdidnoteatforseveraldaysinordertogotoMengjintoreleaseyou,Thewholeworldknowsandadmiresthem,Howcanyouforgettheirkindnessandaffection?Howcanyoudoubtthembecauseofsomeoneelse‘srumors?It‘sreallytooruthlesstodothat,Iwantyoutoputyourdoubtsasideandthinkaboutyourfather‘swords,Thentheworldisbette
ecauseofit。
萧凡:臣以为,大王富有四海,尊贵无匹,岂不能容一兄一弟,而使人罗织害之乎!昔庐陵公付兵权与大王,匹马还朝,兰陵公义释大王于孟津,累日不食,天下仰慕,海内所知,此恩何可忘?此情何可却?奈何以小人之言而疑之乎?岂不凉薄乎?愿大王释猜忌之心,追思太祖之遗志,则天下幸甚!
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